In non-contact sport, for example running, tennis and gym work, injuries are usually the result of poor technique such as ignoring advice to warm up, or not using equipment properly.

In contact sports, for example boxing, rugby, and ice hockey, injuries are more often due to trauma received as part of the sport.

Preventing injuries

• If you're using equipment, then make sure it's properly maintained and that you know how to use it. If in any doubt, then ask.
• Wear clothing that is comfortable and appropriate for the sport. Correctly fitting training shoes are essential.
• Always warm up by doing 5 - 10 minutes of light aerobic exercise such as running on the spot.
• Stretch once the muscles are warmed up for about 5 minutes.
• Perform your chosen sport using the correct technique.
• Cool down by doing light aerobic exercise again for 5 - 10 minutes and performing a few stretches.
• Drink water to replace that lost during your workout.
• If at any time you feel dizzy, abnormally short of breath, feel pain, then stop, rest, and seek help if necessary.

Basic treatment of sports injuries - RICE

Rest

Ice - apply an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables wrapped in a towel.

Compression - use an elastic bandage that extends well above and below the injury.

Elevate - the injured area above the heart if possible.

Painkillers and anti-inflammatory rubs and tablets should always be available in case of injury.

When to see the doctor

Seek medical advice for the following:

• Head injury with loss of consciousness.
• Any cut that will not stop bleeding.
• Possible bone fracture.
• If the symptoms of soft tissue injury are not improving after 48 hours.